The philosophy of mulla sadra being a summary of his book alhikmah almutaaliyah fi alasfar alaqliyyah alarbaah. Transubstantial motion is a thoughtprovoking analysis of mulla sadras innovative. He is considered to be the greatest persian philosopher and perhaps the single most important and influential philosopher in the muslim world in the last four hundred years. Fayard 2002, this comprehensive presentation of muhammad ibn ibrahim sadr aldin shirazi mulla sadra will help western philosophers and theologians to come to appreciate the trajectory of islamic thought which extends beyond the stereotype prevailing in the west.
Sadr aldin shirazi, known as mulla sadra, appeared nearly a thousand years after the rise of islam and his works represent a synthesis of the millennium of islamic thought which preceded him. But it is not just the arguments of thinkers, well known in academic and scholarly. Sadr aldin alshirazi mulla sadra is perhaps the single most important and influential philosopher in the muslim world in the last four hundred years. Existence was for him at once a single unity and an internally articulated, dynamic process, the unique source of both unity and diversity. His metaphilosophy is as much a spiritual exercise or route to salvation as a body of doctrine. The book explains his philosophy of transcendent theosophy. Sadr aldin shirazi mulla sadra this chapter has been written with the invaluable help of hajj mohammad hussain tabatabai, one of the leading authorities on the school of mulla sadra in iran today, the author of the 20volume quranic commentary almizan and the editor and commentator of the new edition of the asfar. Transcendent theosophy of mulla sadra english and arabic edition arabic 2nd edition. First, he accepts the standard account of the theologia. Sufism and philosophy in mulla sadra general islamic. Known more commonly as mulla sadra, he was born in shiraz where he received his early education.
The four journeys is a major source for the history of islamic philosophical traditions. Sadra\s \transcendent wisdom\ is based on the fundamental insight that all things derive their reality and truth from the allinclusive reality of existence. A bright young man, his interest in intellectual pursuits was indulged by his father, and he moved first to qazvin in ah1591 and then to isfahan in 1006 ah1597, successive capitals of the safavid empire, to pursue his study of philosophy, theology. Sadra ini kemudian lebih dikenal sebagai the four journeys. The book has been translated into english by an american professor of philosophy. Mulla sadras metaphilosophy was based on existence wujud as the sole constituent of reality. The four journeys, the major sections into which the asfar is divided, parallel a fourfold division of the sufi journey. Existence was for him at once a single unity and an internally articulated, dynamic process, the. This barcode number lets you verify that youre getting exactly the right version or edition of a book.
When we examine mulla sadras quotations of sufi texts, there is first of all a quantitative aspect that must be pointed out and here i rely upon the indices provided in the cdrom version of the four journeys. The transcendent philosophy of the four journeys of the. The transcendent philosophy of the four journeys of the intellect, known as four journeys, is an extended compendium of islamic philosophy written by the 17th century islamic scholar, mulla sadra. These notes have been compiled in two different collections, and it is likely that the smaller collection was compiled on one of his journeys. Mulla sadras philosophical system is built upon the findings of earlier masters, and in. Not only has mulla sadra differed from ibn sina and other muslim. Though not its founder, he is considered the master of the illuminationist or, ishraghi or ishraqi school of philosophy, a seminal figure who synthesized the many tracts of the islamic. This book introduces the readers to the fascinating world of mulla sadras thought, one of the most important figures of the later islamic intellectual tradition. The islamic conception of human nature with special. Mulla sadras philosophy ambitiously synthesized avicennism, shahab aldin suhrawardis illuminationist philosophy, ibn arabis sufi metaphysics, and the theology of the ashari school and twelvers. The first, the journey of creation or the creature. The peace and quiet of life in kahak gave mulla sadra the opportunity to start the composition of his most foundational work, alhikmat almuta aliya filasfar alaqliyya alarba transcendent wisdom in the four journeys of the intellect. Mulla sadra, the philosopher from islam in modern era.
Allamah tabatabais footnote to mulla sadras proof of. Mulla sadra has not completely succeeded in arranging a lasfar according to the four journeys of the mystics, especially the fourth journey. The complete title of the book as mulla sadra himself named it is alhikma almutaaliya fi lasfar al aqliyya alarba. Sadra structures the entire asfar according to the four journeys of the soul in the path of spiritual realization. Along the four journeys of his philosophical quest, sadra produces a worldpicture that is a reflection of the infinite symphony of existence and its modalities. Mulla sadra sadr aldin muhammad alshirazi 157121640. His main work is the transcendent philosophy of the four journeys of the intellect, or simply four journeys. Salaams, i heard in khalil jaffers lectures wonderful lecturer. Mulla sadra was heir to a long tradition of islamic philosophy that from the. Pdf the philosophy of mulla sadra being a summary of his. John cooper, mulla sadra shirazi, in the routledge. The glorious revolution of england took place during what time. The focus during this research will be on the works of mulla sadra shirazi, and at its most comprehensive and most important philosophical work alhikmah almutaaliya fi alasfar alaqliyyat alarbaah the transcendent philosophy in the four journeys of intellect, which offers a. Avicenna ibn sina the great philosopher from islam.
The metaphysics and cosmology of process according to. He completed his major work, the four journeys alasfar alarba. Spiritual psychology is a translation of volumes viii and ix of mulla sadras monumental work alasfar al arbaah the four spiritual journeys. Along the \four journeys \ of his philosophical quest, sadra produces a worldpicture that is a reflection of the. Mulla sadra was the sole child born into a courtly family in shiraz, southern iran, in around 979 ah157172. The transcendent theosophy in the four journeys of the intellect, or simply four journeys 1 is his major work.
A comparative survey on the stages of philosophical. The explanation of environmental ethics according to cognitive paradigm mulla sadras four journeys nowadays, several philosophical solutions are provided for the solving environmental crises that dont have particular success. Full text of philosophy of mulla sadra and its influence. The focus during this research will be on the works of mulla sadra shirazi, and at its most comprehensive and most important philosophical work alhikmah almutaaliya fi alasfar alaqliyyat alarbaah the transcendent philosophy in the four journeys of intellect, which offers a valid insight into the ontology of thinkers. Islam sunni, sedangkan di dunia islam syiah filsafat terus berkembang dan melahirkan filosofi terkemuka, antara lain yang terpenting adalah mulla sadra ia. In his commentary, mulla sadra espouses a form of neoplatonic procession and doctrine of the intellectpsuche that is at odds with most of his philosophical discourse in the four journeys. Mulla sadra of the isphan school in his philosophical and theological summa, alhikma almutaaliya filasfar alaqliyya alarbaa transcendent wisdom of the four journeys of the intellect, popularly known as alasfar alarbaa the four journeys highlights four stages of spiritual development. Solved transcendent wisdom concerning the four journeys. This signifies that in the light of existential intensity, and so, essences are not immutable, essences are determined and changed fathi, 2012. The transcendent philosophy of the four journeys of the intellect. Mulla sadra s metaphilosophy was based on existence wujud as the sole constituent of reality.
Born in shiraz, mulla sadra developed a unification of sufi mystical or illuminationist traditions in islam with neoplatonic influences. The author of over forty works, he was the culminating figure of the major revival of philosophy in iran in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. Sadras transcendent wisdom is based on the fundamental insight that all things derive their reality and truth from the allinclusive reality of existence. Mulla sadra also wrote glosses, commentaries, essays, and books. In the third journey, from the truth to creation with the truth, the sufi experiences annihilation in the godhead, and mulla sadra deals with theodicy. Mulla sadras transcendent philosophy sadra islamic philosophy. According to oliver leaman, mulla sadra is arguably the single most important and influential philosopher in the muslim world in the last four hundred years.
The ontology of mulla sadr shirazi faculty of humanities. To date, no notable, critical english translation of the book has been madep. His main work is the transcendent theosophy in the four journeys of the intellect, or simply four journeys. This is an original paper in the english language as it presents the most important aspects of mulla sadras philosophy. Mulla sadra of the isphan school in his philosophical and theological summa, alhikma almutaaliya filasfar alaqliyya alarbaa transcendent wisdom of the four journeys of the intellect, popularly known as alasfar al arbaa the four journeys highlights four stages of spiritual development. Transcendent wisdom concerning the four journeys of the intellect was authored who shah ismail. The four spiritual journeys in which mulla sadra presents his theory and. It was first published in print in 1865 in tehran in four volumes, where it was accompanied by a commentary on three of the volumes by hadi sabzavari. Mulla sadras metaphysics gave priority to existence over essence.
I was wondering if anybody knew where i could find it online in english or alternatively a lecturer who explains deeply what he has written. It is notable that for mulla sadra this was a question that specifically applied to god and gods position in the universe, especially in the context of reconciling gods position in the quran verses cosmological philosophies of islams golden era. Mulla sadra sadr aldin muhammad alshirazi 157121640 sadr aldin alshirazi mulla sadra is perhaps the single most important and influential philosopher in the muslim world in the last four. There he also found some of his lifelong students who became wellknown scholars of their own time. The explanation of environmental ethics according to. Mulla sadras sadr aldin muhammad al shirazi, famous book, which is a philosophical masterpiece, asfar al arbaeh the four journeys has been translated into english for the first time. In this paper, at first, we have a glance at platos method of philosophical training, his allegory of cave and some positions on mulla sadras four journeys. The house of mulla sadra in kahak a small village near the city of qom, in iran where mulla sadra used to live in when he was exiled due to some of his ideas. The book has a unique place as to its comprehension and influence on islamic wisdom in. Sadr aldin mohammad ibn ibrahim ibn yahya qawami shirazi, known variously as mulla sadra, sadr almutaallihin, or simply akhund, was born in shiraz in central iran in 15712. The metaphysics and cosmology of process according to shaykh ah.
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